Home > Articles > Other IT Certifications > CEH

This chapter is from the book

Exam Preparation Tasks

As mentioned in the section “How to Use This Book” in the Introduction, you have a couple of choices for exam preparation: the exercises here; Chapter 14, “Final Preparation”; and the exam simulation questions on the CD-ROM.

Review All Key Topics

Review the most important topics in this chapter, noted with the Key Topic icon in the outer margin of the page. Table 4-6 lists a reference of these key topics and the page numbers on which each is found.

key_topic.jpg

Table 4-6 Key Topics for Chapter 4

Key Topic Element

Description

Page Number

Section

Explains how enumeration works

140

Table 4-2

User ID and corresponding RID code

142

Table 4-3

Microsoft key ports and protocols

143

Section

Explains how system hacking works

151

Section

Explains how ADS works

163

Define Key Terms

Define the following key terms from this chapter and check your answers in the glossary:

  • Active Directory, brute-force attack, dictionary attack, hybrid attack, InterProcess Communication, kernel, kernel mode, keystroke loggers, local security authority subsystem, NetBIOS, RainbowCrack techniques, relative identifiers, Security Accounts Manager, security identifiers, Server Message Block, Simple Network Management Protocol, and user mode

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

The CEH exam focuses on practical, hands-on skills that are used by a security professional. Therefore, you should be able to identify common net use commands.

Table 4-7 net use Commands

Task

Command Syntax

Null session

net use \\ip address\ipc$ "" /u:""

Map a drive

net use * \\ip address\share * /u:username

View open shares

net view \\ipaddress

Exercise

4.1 NTFS File Streaming

By using NTFS file streaming, you can effectively hide files in an NTFS environment.

Estimated Time: 15 minutes.

  1. Download Sfind and LNS—two good NTFS file streaming programs. Sfind is at www.antiserver.it/Win%20NT/Security/download/ForensicToolkit14.exe, and LNS is at www.ntsecurity.nu/toolbox/lns/.
  2. Create a temporary folder on the root of your NTFS drive. Name the folder test, or give it another suitable name.
  3. Copy notepad.exe into the test folder and rename it hack.exe. You will use this file to simulate it as the hacking tool.
  4. Next, create a text file called readme.txt. Place some text inside the readme file, something like hello world will work.
  5. Open a command prompt and change directories to place yourself in the test folder. By performing a directory listing, you should see two files: hack.exe and readme.txt. Record the total free space shown after the directory listing: _______
  6. From the command line, issue the following command:

    Type hack.exe > readme.txt:hack.exe
  7. Now run a directory listing again and record the free space results: __________________
  8. Has anything changed? You should have noticed that free space has been reduced. That is because you streamed hack.exe behind readme.txt.
  9. Execute the following from the command line:

    Start c:\ test\ readme.txt:hack.exe
  10. Did you notice what happened? Your hacked file, notepad.exe, should have popped open on the screen. The file is completely hidden, as it is streamed behind readme.txt.
  11. Finally run both Sfind and LNS from the command line. Both programs should detect the streamed file hack.exe. File streaming is a powerful way to hide information and make it hard to detect.

Review Questions

  1. How can you determine whether an LM hash you extracted contains a password that is fewer than eight characters long?

    1. There is no way to tell because a hash cannot be reversed.
    2. The rightmost portion of the hash is always the same.
    3. The hash always starts with AB923D.
    4. The leftmost portion of the hash is always the same.
  2. Which of the following is a well-known password-cracking program?

    1. L0phtcrack
    2. Netcat
    3. Jack the Ripper
    4. NetBus
  3. What did the following commands determine?

    C:\  user2sid \ \ truck guest
    S-1-5-21-343818398-789336058-1343024091-501
    C:\ sid2user 5 21 343818398 789336058 1343024091 500
    Name is Joe
    Domain is Truck
    1. These commands demonstrate that the Joe account has a SID of 500.
    2. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has not been disabled.
    3. These commands demonstrate that the guest account has been disabled.
    4. These commands demonstrate that the true administrator is Joe.
  4. What is the RID of the true administrator?

    1. 0
    2. 100
    3. 500
    4. 1000
  5. What is the best alternative if you discover that a rootkit has been installed on one of your computers?

    1. Copy the system files from a known good system.
    2. Perform a trap and trace.
    3. Delete the files and try to determine the source.
    4. Rebuild from known good media.
  6. To increase password security, Microsoft added a second layer of encryption. What is this second later called?

    1. Salt
    2. SYSKEY
    3. SYS32
    4. SAM
  7. SNMP is a protocol used to query hosts and other network devices about their network status. One of its key features is its use of network agents to collect and store management information, such as the number of error packets received by a managed device. Which of the following makes it a great target for hackers?

    1. It’s enabled by all network devices by default.
    2. It’s based on TCP.
    3. It sends community strings in cleartext.
    4. It is susceptible to sniffing if the community string is known.
  8. Which of the following is the best way to prevent the use of LM authentication of your legacy Windows 2003 servers?

    1. Use the LMShut tool from Microsoft.
    2. Use the NoLMHash Policy by Using Group Policy.
    3. Disable Lsass in Windows 2003.
    4. Use a password that is at least 10 characters long.
  9. Which of the following tools can be used to clear the Windows logs?

    1. Auditpol
    2. ELSave
    3. PWdump
    4. Cain and Abel
  10. What is one of the disadvantages of using John the Ripper?

    1. It cannot crack NTLM passwords.
    2. It separates the passwords into two separate halves.
    3. It cannot differentiate between uppercase and lowercase passwords.
    4. It cannot perform brute-force cracks.
  11. You found the following command on a compromised system:

    Type nc.exe > readme.txt:nc.exe

    What is its purpose?

    1. This command is used to start a Netcat listener on the victim’s system.
    2. This command is used to stream Netcat behind readme.txt.
    3. This command is used to open a command shell on the victim with Netcat.
    4. This command is used to unstream Netcat.exe.
  12. Which of the following uses the faster time-memory trade-off technique and works by precomputing all possible passwords in advance?

    1. Rainbow tables
    2. Dictionary cracks
    3. Hybrid cracks
    4. Brute-force crack
  13. Why would an attacker scan for port 445?

    1. To attempt to DoS the NetBIOS SMB service on the victim system
    2. To scan for file and print sharing on the victim system
    3. To scan for SMB services and verify that the system is Windows 2000 or greater
    4. To scan for NetBIOS services and verify that the system is truly a Windows NT server
  14. You have downloaded a tool called SYSCracker, and you plan to use it to break SYSKEY encryption. The first thing the tool prompts you for is to set the level of SYSKEY encryption. How many bits are used for SYSKEY encryption?

    1. 40 bits
    2. 64 bits
    3. 128 bits
    4. 256 bits
  15. You are trying to establish a null session to a target system. Which is the correct syntax?

    1. net use \\ IP_address\ IPC$ "" /u:""
    2. net use //IP_address/IPC$ "" \ u:""
    3. net use \\ IP_address\ IPC$ * /u:""
    4. net use \\ IP_address\ IPC$ * \ u:""

Suggested Reading and Resources

Pearson IT Certification Promotional Mailings & Special Offers

I would like to receive exclusive offers and hear about products from Pearson IT Certification and its family of brands. I can unsubscribe at any time.

Overview


Pearson Education, Inc., 221 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, (Pearson) presents this site to provide information about Pearson IT Certification products and services that can be purchased through this site.

This privacy notice provides an overview of our commitment to privacy and describes how we collect, protect, use and share personal information collected through this site. Please note that other Pearson websites and online products and services have their own separate privacy policies.

Collection and Use of Information


To conduct business and deliver products and services, Pearson collects and uses personal information in several ways in connection with this site, including:

Questions and Inquiries

For inquiries and questions, we collect the inquiry or question, together with name, contact details (email address, phone number and mailing address) and any other additional information voluntarily submitted to us through a Contact Us form or an email. We use this information to address the inquiry and respond to the question.

Online Store

For orders and purchases placed through our online store on this site, we collect order details, name, institution name and address (if applicable), email address, phone number, shipping and billing addresses, credit/debit card information, shipping options and any instructions. We use this information to complete transactions, fulfill orders, communicate with individuals placing orders or visiting the online store, and for related purposes.

Surveys

Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. Participation is voluntary. Pearson collects information requested in the survey questions and uses the information to evaluate, support, maintain and improve products, services or sites; develop new products and services; conduct educational research; and for other purposes specified in the survey.

Contests and Drawings

Occasionally, we may sponsor a contest or drawing. Participation is optional. Pearson collects name, contact information and other information specified on the entry form for the contest or drawing to conduct the contest or drawing. Pearson may collect additional personal information from the winners of a contest or drawing in order to award the prize and for tax reporting purposes, as required by law.

Newsletters

If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information@informit.com.

Service Announcements

On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement. For instance, if our service is temporarily suspended for maintenance we might send users an email. Generally, users may not opt-out of these communications, though they can deactivate their account information. However, these communications are not promotional in nature.

Customer Service

We communicate with users on a regular basis to provide requested services and in regard to issues relating to their account we reply via email or phone in accordance with the users' wishes when a user submits their information through our Contact Us form.

Other Collection and Use of Information


Application and System Logs

Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site. Log data may include technical information about how a user or visitor connected to this site, such as browser type, type of computer/device, operating system, internet service provider and IP address. We use this information for support purposes and to monitor the health of the site, identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents and appropriately scale computing resources.

Web Analytics

Pearson may use third party web trend analytical services, including Google Analytics, to collect visitor information, such as IP addresses, browser types, referring pages, pages visited and time spent on a particular site. While these analytical services collect and report information on an anonymous basis, they may use cookies to gather web trend information. The information gathered may enable Pearson (but not the third party web trend services) to link information with application and system log data. Pearson uses this information for system administration and to identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents, appropriately scale computing resources and otherwise support and deliver this site and its services.

Cookies and Related Technologies

This site uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, measure traffic patterns, control security, track use and access of information on this site, and provide interest-based messages and advertising. Users can manage and block the use of cookies through their browser. Disabling or blocking certain cookies may limit the functionality of this site.

Do Not Track

This site currently does not respond to Do Not Track signals.

Security


Pearson uses appropriate physical, administrative and technical security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure.

Children


This site is not directed to children under the age of 13.

Marketing


Pearson may send or direct marketing communications to users, provided that

  • Pearson will not use personal information collected or processed as a K-12 school service provider for the purpose of directed or targeted advertising.
  • Such marketing is consistent with applicable law and Pearson's legal obligations.
  • Pearson will not knowingly direct or send marketing communications to an individual who has expressed a preference not to receive marketing.
  • Where required by applicable law, express or implied consent to marketing exists and has not been withdrawn.

Pearson may provide personal information to a third party service provider on a restricted basis to provide marketing solely on behalf of Pearson or an affiliate or customer for whom Pearson is a service provider. Marketing preferences may be changed at any time.

Correcting/Updating Personal Information


If a user's personally identifiable information changes (such as your postal address or email address), we provide a way to correct or update that user's personal data provided to us. This can be done on the Account page. If a user no longer desires our service and desires to delete his or her account, please contact us at customer-service@informit.com and we will process the deletion of a user's account.

Choice/Opt-out


Users can always make an informed choice as to whether they should proceed with certain services offered by Adobe Press. If you choose to remove yourself from our mailing list(s) simply visit the following page and uncheck any communication you no longer want to receive: www.pearsonitcertification.com/u.aspx.

Sale of Personal Information


Pearson does not rent or sell personal information in exchange for any payment of money.

While Pearson does not sell personal information, as defined in Nevada law, Nevada residents may email a request for no sale of their personal information to NevadaDesignatedRequest@pearson.com.

Supplemental Privacy Statement for California Residents


California residents should read our Supplemental privacy statement for California residents in conjunction with this Privacy Notice. The Supplemental privacy statement for California residents explains Pearson's commitment to comply with California law and applies to personal information of California residents collected in connection with this site and the Services.

Sharing and Disclosure


Pearson may disclose personal information, as follows:

  • As required by law.
  • With the consent of the individual (or their parent, if the individual is a minor)
  • In response to a subpoena, court order or legal process, to the extent permitted or required by law
  • To protect the security and safety of individuals, data, assets and systems, consistent with applicable law
  • In connection the sale, joint venture or other transfer of some or all of its company or assets, subject to the provisions of this Privacy Notice
  • To investigate or address actual or suspected fraud or other illegal activities
  • To exercise its legal rights, including enforcement of the Terms of Use for this site or another contract
  • To affiliated Pearson companies and other companies and organizations who perform work for Pearson and are obligated to protect the privacy of personal information consistent with this Privacy Notice
  • To a school, organization, company or government agency, where Pearson collects or processes the personal information in a school setting or on behalf of such organization, company or government agency.

Links


This web site contains links to other sites. Please be aware that we are not responsible for the privacy practices of such other sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our site and to read the privacy statements of each and every web site that collects Personal Information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected by this web site.

Requests and Contact


Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information.

Changes to this Privacy Notice


We may revise this Privacy Notice through an updated posting. We will identify the effective date of the revision in the posting. Often, updates are made to provide greater clarity or to comply with changes in regulatory requirements. If the updates involve material changes to the collection, protection, use or disclosure of Personal Information, Pearson will provide notice of the change through a conspicuous notice on this site or other appropriate way. Continued use of the site after the effective date of a posted revision evidences acceptance. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

Last Update: November 17, 2020